Additionally, the capsaicin in cayenne pepper aids in blood vessel dilation, which lowers blood pressure. The phytonutrients in lemons and limes have strong antioxidant properties. Beets and their greens are an underestimated vegetable if I ever saw one. 11: Helps to Reduce the Effects of Asthma. They also provide healthy fats and protein. These subjects followed a Western-style diet, which includes heavily processed and refined foodsmeaning that they saw these positive results without completely overhauling their dietary practices. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Liver is also a rich source of choline, omega-3 fatty acids, and folate. The more that lycopene is taken, there is a greater proportion of normally formed sperm within the seminal fluid. Theres a very common belief that eating pineapple core for five days following ovulation or embryo transfer (during IVF) will help with implantation. Endocr Rev. Effect of nut consumption on semen quality and functionality in healthy men consuming a Western-style diet: a randomized controlled trial. Lycopene is not just important for heart and skin health or even to fight cancer and guard the prostate gland. Men who want to perform better where it counts are advised to drink wine every day. Fertility Diet: What to Eat When Trying to Get Pregnant - Parents As for Becker, she prefers them as part of a fertility-boosting trail mix that also includes almonds, pumpkin seeds, and dried goji berries. 11(12):2941. doi:10.3390/nu11122941. When paired with exercise, fruits that contain flavonoids can cut your risk of ED by up to 21%! Leucine is a crucial amino acid that promotes muscle building and aids in blood sugar control. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. Small but mighty, these little legumes also contain high levels of fiber, potassium, and protein. 3, Autumn 2013 ISSN 2330-4456 Effects of Watermelon Seed Extract (Citrullus Vulgaris) on Spermatogenesis in Rat Arash Khaki1*, Fatemeh Fathiazad2, Mohammad Nouri1 Abstract: Objective: Citrullus vulgaris is an antioxidant that has been shown to reduce oxidative stress. Raspberries have anti-inflammatory and natural antioxidant phytonutrients, two elements that significantly increase fertility. To understand how eating watermelon might be beneficial, it is important to look more closely at what is inside that bright green-and-white rind. 8: Improves male fertility. Because they are packed with minerals like potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, and calcium, plums and prunes (dried plums) may be beneficial for expectant mothers. 2015;13:127. doi:10.1186/s12958-015-0126-9. A whole melon, on average, contains up to 20 mg of lycopene. The spice can also be taken in supplement form, but be sure to consult your doctor before starting a new supplement. Vitamins A and C, which serve as antioxidants and promote healthy blood circulation, are abundant in mangoes. Watermelon is not only a fruit that tastes delicious and fresh to consume, it also proven to be very good for the bodys health and can overcome many health problems. Biol Reprod. Almonds, soursops, and avocados are examples of fruits that contain lysine. Lefvre PL, Palin MF, Murphy BD. Our healthy eating program is for Christian families who know they should eat healthy but are tired of complicated, time-consuming, weird-tasting, and unsustainable healthy diets. How to Consume Watermelon Seeds. Stephanie Middleberg, RD, is the founder of Middleberg Nutrition, a health and wellness practice. Additionally, it is abundant in flavonoids, which promote healthy blood circulation throughout the body. Arginine is required to help the body produce nitric oxide. 2019;300(5):1413-1421. doi:10.1007/s00404-019-05305-7, Tartagni M, Matteo M, Baldini D, et al. Watermelon may also be especially important for older women. Nectarines include potassium, which may help decrease blood pressure. One study showed that eating strawberries may help reduce blood sugar levels and inflammation, especially when consumed within two hours of a meal. It's also known to help alleviate morning sickness, heartburn, swelling, and even third-trimester cramps, so it's a good thing to. Health Benefits of Watermelon Include Men's Fertility It is important to note that this effect is just for ovulatory infertility concerns. In addition to being one of the finest sources of vitamin C, oranges, grapefruits, and other citrus fruits are also rich in potassium, calcium, and folate. You can also include them in a healthy smoothie to start your morning (with spinach, perhaps?). Learn more here, Copyright 2023 Traditional Cooking School by GNOWFGLINS About Help Privacy Partners, Complete Idiots Guide To Fermenting Foods, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IOcH27DM1dI. Enjoy it as a vegetable side (it's delicious roasted or grilled) or added to recipes like frittatas or stir-fries. Papaya flesh ranges from orange to crimson. Anthocyanins, [], What are some of the major health benefits of eating lingonberry? Fertility Foods to Boost Your Odds of Conception. 25 Health Benefits of Watermelon (No.6 Insane) This National Infertility Week, learn about eight foods that have been shown to potentially help people on their quest for parenthood. The delicious fruit is also a good source of magnesium, potassium, and copper. Watermelon is another solid source of glutathione. Not only because we believe its the healthiest way, but because we want to give Him glory for creating good food as the best medicine! In this study, low-fat dairy products included skim or low-fat milk, sherbet, yogurt, and cottage cheese. With this information, researchers have embarked on a new project to try to breed varietals that have a higher concentration of citrulline in the flesh as opposed to the rind. Since it has a slightly bitter nature, Williams says, this is a great way to have your maca and eat it too. To ensure your body is producing new cells that will be crucial to a healthy pregnancy, the CDC recommends women take 400 micrograms of folic acid each day. Iron-containing fruit includes sun-dried tomatoes, apricots, raisins, coconut, squash, watermelon, grapefruit and prunes.include: Iron-containing fruit includes sun-dried tomatoes. Lunch: chilled baby spinach salad with watermelon chunks, almond slivers, and grilled chicken breast with a raspberry salad dressing (or make your own with lemon juice and olive oil). As an extra-flavorful topper, Becker reaches for pomegranates. 3 Emerging fertility benefits of watermelon seeds Regardless of what you name [], What are some of the proven health benefits of eating dried fruits? This fruit includes polyphenol antioxidants and flavonoids, which help to prevent cancer and support cardiovascular health. In addition, sunflower seeds are jam-packed with folate and selenium, which are important for both male and female fertility. The influence of diet on fertility and the implications for public health nutrition in the United States. This chemical improves blood flow for better male sexual health by lowering cholesterol and preventing blood vessels from constricting. 33(6):1063-1070. doi:10.1093/humrep/dey079, Gaskins AJ, Sundaram R, Buck Louis GM, Chavarro JE. Those are four Fruits that Benefits to Increase Fertility in men and women. 4 Health Benefits of Carbohydrates for Babies Why do They Need it. Lycopene's has been shown to benefit sperm in the following ways: Sperm Count: The number of sperm present in a semen sample. Enjoying a refreshing glass of cranberry juice or including some cranberries in your diet may help support your fertility journey, especially if you experience Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) infection, since this condition may increase the risk of developing reproductive disorders. Watermelon is becoming regarded as a top fertility food for one simple reason, female fertility is heavily dependent upon stellar blood flow dynamics to the uterus. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. One study found that supplementation of 4mg to 8mg of lycopene per day for 8 to 12 months led to improved semen health and increased pregnancy rates; however, it's usually a good idea to start with adding certain foods to your diet before reaching for supplements. People who routinely consume apples report feeling fuller and less hungry after eating foodincluding an apple. Pomegranates have long been associated with fertility and birth due to their many seeds. Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. Not to mention magnesium, which helps increase progesterone and is known to decrease morning sickness.. It is quite water-rich. They are packed with fertility-boosting nutrients. Besides being the ultimate source of natural vitamin A, liver is loaded with highly absorbable iron, which helps prevent miscarriage and maternal anemia, and vitamin B12, which is required for the proper formation of red blood cells and DNA. There is not enough science to back this practice that up. Try sprinkling sunflower seeds on your salad, using them in trail mix, or substituting sunflower seed butter for peanut butter. The control group experienced no changes. A Guide to Male and Female Fertility Testing. This compound can increase the production of nitric oxide that have an important role to increase the sexual activity on men. Pumpkins, apples, blueberries, and bananas are a few examples of foods that contain them. The seeds contain a substance called citrulline, which helps to reduce aortic blood pressure. Vitamin C. Antioxidants like vitamin C may increase and intensify the effects of progesterone. The Benefits of Sunflower Seeds for Fertility. Long-term consumption of ripe fruit lessens the effects of aging on the body. Sunflower seeds can make a great snack on their own, but you can also easily incorporate them into your favorite meals. Ad Choices, 19 Foods That May Increase Fertility for the Ultimate Fertility Diet. Walnuts improve semen quality in men consuming a western-style diet: Randomized control dietary intervention trial. Tomatoes are high in the nutrient lycopene, a powerful antioxidant, which can help augment your fertility. 9. You probably already love your guac, amirite? 2014;211(5):487.e1-6. Then top it with almond butter and berries for a sweet treat or smashed avocado for a new kind of avocado toast, she recommends. It is also a great source of selenium and vitamin D. Selenium is a vitamin essential for healthy sperm, and low vitamin D levels appear to be associated with poor fertility in men and women. In fact, salmon is one of the best places to get your daily recommended value of vitamin D. Just 3 ounces of smoked salmon will give you 97% of the daily recommended value for vitamin D. You need to be careful about mercury levels in fish when youre trying to conceive and during pregnancy. Watermelon is rich in an amino acid called citrulline that may help move blood through your body and can lower your blood pressure. Consuming watermelon regularly will reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration in old ages. Along with being chock-full of vitamins and minerals, beets are a natural source of nitric oxidea molecule that helps the body dilate blood vessels and allows for a healthy blood flow. Liver, particularly cow's liver, is one of the most nutrient-dense foods on the planet. Male and Female Fertility Benefits of Watermelon Watermelon in Pregnancy: Benefits, Risks & Nutrients Roasted, unsalted sunflower seed kernels are rich in vitamin E, an essential nutrient shown to boost sperm count and sperm motility in some people. Numerous pregnancy issues can be brought on by high blood pressure. Watermelon is 92% water, so it's an easy way to hydrate and support your body. Men who consume grapefruits on a daily basis have a lower risk of prostate cancer. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved, Verywell Family uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. When people are trying to conceive, they are often told what to stop eating and drinking, from foods that are high in trans-fats to alcohol. It can help women get pregnant because its an amazing source of folate (the active form of folic acid), all your B vitamins, choline, and loads of antioxidants like inositol (which has been shown to improve egg quality in women undergoing in vitro fertilization procedures). It's also a good source of the fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, E, D, K, and K2. are what we eat! It contains great calcium and vitamin D, which helps the follicles of your ovaries mature and promotes strong bones, says Williams. The high folic acid in watermelon is also good to be consumed by pregnant women because it is useful to fertilize the uterus and prevent physical deform from happening as well as to take care the nerves of baby inside the womb. Males with low serum levels of vitamin D have lower pregnancy rates when ovulation induction and timed intercourse are used as a treatment for infertile couples: Results from a pilot study. A flavonoid called apigenin promotes blood circulation by reducing blood channel obstruction. Vitamins for Fertility: What Should You Be Taking? Contrary to popular belief, liver is not the toxic organ; rather, it is the detoxifier. The liver helps remove impurities from ones system, but it does not hold on to those impurities. Due to its antioxidant and antiproliferative properties, dragon fruit (Hylocereus co-staricensis-[HC]) is an essential fertility aid. But make sure you get your bee pollen from a reputable source to ensure efficiency.. Asian J Androl. Plus, dont forget the guacamole, Williams says, which can be made simply with jalapeos, cilantro, and onion. Many people view wood apples as an energy meal since they are packed with nutrients. This may inhibit sperm from reaching the egg, making fertilization a challenge. It is a hybrid fruit that came from Barbados and is a mix between a pomelo and a sweet orange. Mature cheese is specifically high in the polyamine putrescine, which may play a role in sperm health. Along with vitamin C, nectarines are also high in selenium, which is crucial for the quality of sperm and eggs. 2014;16(3):420-425. doi:10.4103/1008-682X.126384, Chavarro JE, Rich-Edwards JW, Rosner BA, Willett WC. Homeostasis imbalance in the endometrium of women with implantation defects: the role of estrogen and progesterone. While the idea of fertility foods might feel a little foreign, the way you nourish your body matters when youre trying to conceive. Nick Blackmer is a librarian, fact-checker, and researcher with more than 20 years experience in consumer-oriented health and wellness content. Read our, Nature, food, landscape, travel / Getty Images. Rachel Gurevich is a fertility advocate, author, and recipient of The Hope Award for Achievement, from Resolve: The National Infertility Association. Pastured dairy is a great choice for fertility and pregnancy for those who can tolerate it. Caution: Grapefruit juice can interact with some medications in very dangerous ways. As a consequence, they guarantee that your body receives healthy blood. Simply sprinkle them onto your oatmeal or Greek yogurt in the morning, or enjoy them plain, she says. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.07.1334, Li X, Peng L, Shen X, Yan J, Zhang G. The association between infertility and Helicobacter pylori infection: a meta-analysis of case-control studies. Another study found that men who ate 60 grams of a mixture of walnuts, hazelnuts, and almonds resulted in similar positive male-fertility-related outcomes. 3 /15. Join 12,409 families served since 2010! For those who want to get quickly . 2017;23(4):371-389. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmx006. And as you know: More ovulatory regular cycles mean more opportunities to conceive. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. Egg yolks from pasture-raised chickens are also extremely rich in fertility-boosting omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA and fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and vitamin K2. Additionally, bell peppers, also known as pilipili hoho, are an excellent source of dietary fiber, potassium, folate, and other nutrients. Vitamin C and other antioxidants like lycopene, which protect reproductive organs and cells from oxidative stress. 112(3):E3. Walnuts improve semen quality in men consuming a Western-style diet: randomized control dietary intervention trial. This libido-boosting fruit (yes, it's a fruit!) 7. After 12 weeks, the group who ate walnuts saw in improvement in sperm vitality, movement, and shape. They are abundant in folate as well as the minerals potassium, manganese, magnesium, and copper. This substance increases nitric oxide synthesis, which dilates blood vessels and decreases blood pressure. And for women, opting for full-fat dairy instead of fat-free options may result in a decreased risk of ovulatory infertility. They also decrease blood pressure and lessen the risk of heart disease. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. One cup of watermelon contains: 46 calories. There are actually a lot of health benefits of watermelon seeds that you can get. Researchers say the discovery that this watermelon contains citrulline isnt news to them. Taking cinnamon supplements can help jumpstart irregular menstrual cycles in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), a common cause of female infertility. 2011;32(5):694-712. doi:10.1210/er.2011-0012. 1-12. doi:10.1080/07315724.2020.1800532, Panth N, Gavarkovs A, Tamez M, Mattei J. Apigenin, a substance that naturally occurs in plants and is also present in onions and oranges, is a component of bell peppers. Simply squeeze some lemon juice into your morning glass of warm water to increase your chances of getting pregnant. Another necessary amino acid, lysine, promotes healthy calcium absorption and lowers cholesterol. Wild salmon is widely considered to be a safer choice, however, recent data published inEnvironmental Researchshows thatlevels of mercury were higher in wild salmon than in certain farmed salmon varieties. Vitamin C is one of the finest kiwi advantages for male fertility. Pomegranates are high in antioxidants, and studies have shown that both male and female fertility benefits from their antioxidant characteristics. Polyamines are proteins found in plant and animal products. Along with folate, vitamin B6, a number of minerals, fiber, and protein, this fruit has more vitamin C than most other fruits. The more lycopene was delivered, the greater the proportion of normally formed sperm in the seminal fluid. For many couples, fertility problems are often associated with females, as opposed to male issues., Substances known as antioxidants could greatly benefit male fertility and sperm health. It is normal for it to take several. It is the location of the citrulline that is a surprise; it is in the fleshy edible fruit and not just in the rind as previously thought. The fruits potassium content shields against birth abnormalities of the spine and brain, which can appear in the first few weeks of pregnancy. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Teas, wines, honey, chocolate, almonds, and cereals are some foods that contain anthocyanins. The high content of folic acid in watermelon is useful to increase the fertility on pregnant women. The Watermelon Diet: What's the Deal? - HealthyWomen (Almost.) Pomegranates have been long linked to fertility and birth due to their many seeds. In addition, Stephanie consults for an array of companies and corporations. Verywell Family's content is for informational and educational purposes only. Avocados are a good source of nutritional fiber as well. Vitamin C has also been shown to boost progesterone levels and resolve luteal phase defects, resulting in improved fertility. Also, read to know the additional benefits of zinc sexually in men and women. Sorghum is a naturally gluten-free whole grain consumed all over the world. This mineral aids in boosting sperm production. Beta-carotene, vitamin C, and lutein, three nutrients that have many advantages, are abundant in nectarines. It's loaded with fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamin A which is difficult to obtain elsewhere in the diet. Vitamin C affects both sperm motility and viability. This makes watermelon an obvious choice for any meal rich in natural aphrodisiacs. Lycopene supplementation has even been researched as a possible treatment for male infertility. apricots. They also contain bio-flavonoids, which stop arteries from being blocked. This sweet fruit has been shown to help control diabetes, cancer, anemia, and stomach issues as well as inflammation. 37(6):1029-1034. doi:10.1007/s00345-019-02656-3, Halpern G, Setti AS, de Almeida Ferreira Braga DP, Iaconelli A, Borges E. Beetroot, watermelon and ginger juice supplementation may increase the clinical outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. Their polyphenols encourage healthy blood circulation by expanding blood vessels. The fruit watermelon contains 92% water. By consuming 20 mg of lycopene twice a day, and doing it for 3 months, then the risk of prostate cancer can decrease drastically. Then squeeze some lemon on it for extra benefits, Williams recommends. Anthocyanins are found in cherries. Your email address will not be published. How to Ripen A Watermelon Know When A Watermelon is Ripe, 16 Science-Backed Health Benefits of Dried Fruits, 12 Science-Backed Health Benefits of Eating Lingonberry, 8 Science-Backed Health Benefits of Miracle Fruit. Female fertility: Why lifestyle choices count - Mayo Clinic Breakfast: make a watermelon smoothie with 1 cup watermelon and 1 cup fat-free Greek yogurt. Another motivation is that deep red varietals also contain an important antioxidant called lycopene that was formerly thought to exist only in tomatoes and red grapefruit. Eating whole grains like sorghum may help women on their fertility journey, specifically by increasing the thickness of the endometrial lining, which supports the implantation of an embryo. Sprinkle some cheese on just about anything or have a few pieces along with some nuts or fruit as an afternoon snack. The secrets of the Mediterranean diet. 103(7):2680-2688. doi:10.1210/jc.2018-00385, Lundebye AK, Lock EJ, Rasinger JD, et al. White, red, and pink grapefruits are more prevalent. In a small study, 117 men were split into two groups: one would avoid eating tree nuts and another would eat 75 grams of walnuts every day.Before the experiment began and again 12 weeks later, the men provided a semen sample. However, those who are expecting or nursing should only drink this in moderation. Watermelon seeds are rich in all essential amino acids that play their role in strengthening the muscles and thus increasing fertility in both men and women. Kort DH, Lobo RA. Flavonoids and polyphenols are found in apples. vitamin C. vitamin D. folic acid. Watermelon which is rich of lycopene, beta carotene and vitamin C could slow down the degeneration of cells and at the same time improve the regeneration of cells. As long as you are opting for the no-sugar-added variety, full-fat Greek yogurt can be a satisfying addition to a fertility-friendly diet for many reasons. An occasional serving of full-fat ice cream can also make a nice treat, but try to limit yourself to one to two servings per week. Male fertility can get a boost from sunflower seeds, which are great for improving sperm motility and sperm count. doi:10.7754/Clin.Lab.2018.180206, Moretti E, Figura N, Collodel G, Ponzetto A. Enjoy in moderation. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. Watermelons help eradicate dryness of skin, aid in skin regeneration, and keep skin voluminous and plump by producing collagen. Egg yolks supply almost all of the egg's iron, calcium, zinc, vitamin B6, folate, and vitamin B12. Read our, Study: Dried Fruit Can Fill Nutrition Gaps And Improve Diet Quality, Eating Strawberries Every Day May Support Vascular Health, New Study Suggests, Studies Confirm Dairy Does Not Cause Inflammation, Choosing Whole Grains May Improve Your Cardiovascular Health, Have a UTI? Its really easy to enjoy them too. Not only the meat part of watermelon that have benefits, but the seeds of this fruit turns out to also have an important content that can increase fertility on males since it has antioxidant in it which is lycopene. Dish up the simple joy of healthy, down-home foods your family will LOVE tonight. Additionally, grapes include a lot of insoluble fiber, which helps with digestion and has laxative effects. FoodData Central. The monounsaturated (healthy) fat found in avocados decreases harmful cholesterol. Just remember to pair them with a healthy fat and protein for a balanced plate, Williams says. Any male who wishes to raise sperm count and improve chances of conception must take vitamins A, B, and C. Your email address will not be published. May Increase Sperm Count One of the watermelon seeds benefits for male fertility is that consuming it may boost sperm count in males. These fruits are rich in vitamin C, which promotes sperm production. Melon seeds are an excellent source of nutrition and include the powerful antioxidant lycopene, which has a significant impact on improving male fertility. While there is no specific food or fertility diet that will magically boost your chances of conception, a nutritious and well-balanced diet can certainly help support overall health, including reproductive health, in both men and women. Additionally, this fruit has aphrodisiac and antioxidant properties. The non-essential amino acid citrulline is present in large amounts in watermelon. According to a recent study, eating fresh raspberries may promote male fertility and increase a mans likelihood of becoming a parent. Eggs also contain choline, which may reduce the risk of some birth defects. You can also add a couple of tablespoons of sunflower seed butter into a smoothie, or stir it into yogurt, to add extra flavor as well as a little more nutrition. Williams agrees. With its natural aphrodisiac properties, mens sexual desire can be increased, and impotence and other sexual health issues can be treated. In addition to having a lot of vitamin C, one cup of raspberries has the same amount as 173 grapes. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and Your California Privacy Rights. Polyamines on the reproductive landscape. 6: Prevent osteoporosis. Dairy is rich in saturated fat, which is especially beneficial for fertility. If youre suffering from a vitamin D deficiency (and many people are), reach for cod liver oil instead of fish oil. 32(5):365-75. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1376355, Grieger JA, Grzeskowiak LE, Bianco-Miotto T, et al. Because a tomato carries seeds, it qualifies as a fruit (some people love to think of it as a vegetable). Beltsville, MD: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Maximizing the health effects of strawberry anthocyanins: understanding the influence of the consumption timing variable. Salas-Huetos A, Bull M, Salas-Salvad J. Dietary patterns, foods and nutrients in male fertility parameters and fecundability: A systematic review of observational studies. These chemicals work together to prevent a variety of ailments. But hopefully youre better off than Old Mother Hubbards dog. The wonders of watermelon - Mayo Clinic Health System To understand how eating watermelon might be beneficial, it is important to look more closely at what is inside that bright green-and-white rind. There are actually a lot of health benefits of watermelon seeds that you can get. Watermelon Benefits For Women | Bodywise Compared with a muscle meat such as a beef chuck roast, beef liver contains a wider array of nutrients and more of them ( source ). 0.1 milligrams of vitamin B6. Antioxidants found in fruits shield the body from the harmful effects of free radicals, which are molecules that harm our cells. 21 Proven Benefits Of Watermelon, Nutrition Value, & Facts - STYLECRAZE She also says theyre great on top of roasted veggies (like that beet-and-sweet potato salad you made), parfaits, and salads. Protein intake and ovulatory infertility. First, dairy foods do not cause inflammation, and in some cases, actually, reduce inflammation according to a meta-analysis published in theJournal of the American College of Nutrition. With that said, salmon is best when its prepared simply. The vitamins C, E, B2, and B6 are also present. Female fertility doesn't seem to be affected by caffeine intake below 200 milligrams a day. These fruits also include healthy amounts of vitamin C and the antioxidants lutein and zeaxanthin.

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